Collection: Ficus

Ficus Characteristics

The Ficus, also known as the fig plant, is one of the most diverse plant families found in our living rooms. From trees with enormous leaves to finely leafed shrubs and even climbing plants, there’s a Ficus to suit every taste. Key characteristics of this family include:

• Variety: Well-known species include the Ficus Lyrata (Fiddle-leaf fig) and the Ficus Elastica (Rubber plant).
• Milky sap: Almost all Ficus species contain a white milky sap that is released when the plant is damaged.
• Growth: They are known for their ability to grow into impressive house trees.

These plants are timeless and, thanks to their varied forms, fit into both modern and classic interiors.

Is the Ficus poisonous?

Yes, the Ficus is toxic to both humans and pets. The white milky sap found in the stems and leaves contains substances that irritate the skin and mucous membranes. If your cat or dog nibbles on the leaves, it can lead to vomiting, mouth irritation, and swelling. The sap can also cause skin irritation in humans if it comes into contact with the skin while pruning. We therefore recommend that you always wear gloves when caring for the plant and keep the Ficus out of reach of small children and curious pets.

Does the Ficus purify the air?

The Ficus is an excellent air purifier and is highly regarded for improving indoor air quality. The plant is very effective at filtering harmful substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, and trichloroethene from the air. In addition, the Ficus converts large amounts of $CO_{2}$ into fresh oxygen during the day. Thanks to its abundant foliage, the plant also helps improve indoor humidity. For optimal results, it’s important that you keep the leaves dust-free so the plant can “breathe” and filter unimpeded.

Ficus Location

The ideal location for a Ficus is a spot with plenty of indirect light. Although most varieties can tolerate some sunlight, the bright midday sun is often too hot and can scorch the leaves. A spot near an east- or west-facing window is perfect. Note: The Ficus is a creature of habit and hates change. If you move the plant or if it’s exposed to a draft, it often reacts by dropping its leaves. So choose a permanent, draft-free spot where the plant can grow undisturbed.

Can Ficus be kept outdoors in the Netherlands?

In the Netherlands, the Ficus is primarily a houseplant. Because most species come from (sub)tropical regions, they cannot survive our cold winters. For most species, the temperature should not drop below 15°C. During a warm summer, you may place the Ficus outside on a shaded patio, but be careful with direct sunlight and wind. As soon as the nights get cooler, the plant must be brought back inside immediately. Due to our unpredictable climate, we recommend keeping the Ficus indoors year-round.

Ficus Care

Caring for the Ficus requires some consistency. Because these plants prefer a stable environment, it’s important not to let your care routine vary too much. The Ficus thrives in high humidity; therefore, spray the leaves regularly with a plant sprayer, especially in winter when the heat is on. Rotate the plant a quarter turn every so often so it doesn’t grow lopsided. By wiping the large leaves with a damp cloth, you keep the plant healthy and glossy, which also helps prevent pests.

Watering the Ficus

Watering a Ficus requires careful attention. The soil must remain consistently slightly moist, but the roots should never sit in standing water (no “wet feet”). Wait to water again until the top layer of potting soil feels dry to the touch. In the summer, the plant needs water more often than in the winter. Preferably use water at room temperature so as not to shock the roots. If you notice that the leaves are turning yellow and falling off, this is often a sign that the plant is getting too much water or that drainage is poor.

Feeding Your Ficus

To keep your Ficus strong and healthy, it needs extra fertilizer during the growing season (spring and summer). Use a liquid plant fertilizer designed for green houseplants. One application every two weeks is sufficient to support growth and keep the leaves’ color deep and glossy. In the fall and winter, when the plant is dormant, you don’t need to fertilize it. Too much fertilizer during the dormant period can even damage the roots because the plant cannot absorb the nutrients at that time.

How should you prune a Ficus?

Pruning a Ficus helps maintain its shape and encourages branching. The best time to do this is in the spring or early summer. Use sharp, clean pruning shears to trim the desired branches. Be careful of the sap that oozes out; it’s sticky and can cause irritation. You can treat the cut surfaces with a little ash or by dabbing them with a damp cloth. By pruning the top of the plant, you force the Ficus to grow outward, resulting in a fuller and more compact houseplant.

What to do if a Ficus has limp or brown leaves?

Limp or brown leaves on a Ficus are often a sign of improper watering or placement. Brown, dry edges usually indicate low humidity or dry soil. However, if the leaves turn brown and fall off while the soil is still wet, this is likely a sign of root rot. Wilted leaves can indicate a lack of water, but they can also be caused by a spot that’s too drafty. Check the soil’s moisture level and see if you can move the plant to a brighter or warmer spot to help it recover.

My Ficus is getting too big; what should I do?

If your Ficus is thriving, it can literally outgrow the house. The best solution is a thorough pruning in the spring. Don’t be afraid to take the shears to it; the Ficus generally recovers well and will sprout new growth where you pruned it. Do you want to slow its growth long-term? Then repot the plant less often. A smaller pot limits root growth, so the plant won’t shoot up as quickly. This way, you can also keep a large Ficus manageable in your living room.

Ficus Diseases

The Ficus can be affected by pests such as spider mites, scale insects, or mealybugs, especially if the humidity is too low. You can recognize spider mites by their fine webs, while aphids often appear as small bumps or white fuzz on the veins. Leaf drop is also a common problem; this is often a reaction to stress (drafts, being moved, or overwatering). Check the leaves regularly, including the undersides. If you discover a pest infestation, you can often treat it effectively with an organic pesticide or a mixture of mild soap and water.

Ficus Cuttings

Taking a Ficus cutting is a fun way to expand your plant collection. The easiest method is to take a stem cutting. In the spring, cut a small stem about 10–15 cm long with at least two leaves. Let the milky sap dry for a moment or gently rinse it off with water. Then place the cutting in a glass of water in a bright, warm spot (no direct sunlight). Once healthy roots a few centimeters long have formed, you can transplant the cutting into a small pot with fresh potting soil. Patience is key, as it can take several weeks for the first roots to appear.

Repotting Ficus

Repot a young Ficus every year, and an older plant about once every two years. Spring is the best time for this, as the plant has the most energy to recover then. Choose a new pot that’s about 20% larger than the old one and use good-quality all-purpose potting soil. Ensure good drainage by placing hydro granules at the bottom of the pot. Repotting gives the roots more room and provides the plant with new nutrients. Is the plant too large to repot? Then simply replace the top layer of soil to give it a fresh boost.

Buying a Ficus

Would you like to buy a Ficus? At Plants24, you’ll find a wide selection of healthy and robust plants. When purchasing, look for a full plant with glossy leaves and check for pests. Because a Ficus is sensitive to temperature fluctuations, we ensure careful packaging and fast shipping so the plant arrives in top condition. Whether you’re looking for a large statement piece for the entryway or a subtle touch of green for the windowsill, buying a Ficus is always a good investment in your home décor.

Frequently Asked Questions About the Ficus

Why are the leaves falling off my Ficus?

This is the most frequently asked question. A Ficus drops its leaves when stressed. This often happens after being moved, due to drafts, insufficient light, or a sudden change in watering. Let the plant rest in a fixed spot, and it will recover.

How tall can a Ficus grow?

Indoors, some varieties, such as the Ficus Lyrata or Elastica, can grow up to 3 meters tall if given enough space. However, by pruning, you can easily control the height yourself.

Should I mist the leaves of my Ficus?

Yes, the Ficus prefers high humidity. Especially in the winter, regular misting is very good for the health of the leaves and helps prevent spider mites.

My Ficus has white bumps where the leaf attaches to the stem—is this a problem?

No, many Ficus species (such as the Elastica) have small white dots along the leaf margin or near the stem. These are “lithocysts” and are a natural part of the plant; they are not diseases or pests.